Procedimento para instalar o BD MySQL no FreeBSD
1 - Vamos para a instalação do BD mysql:
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc # pkg search mysql mysql55-server-5.5.60 Multithreaded SQL database (server) mysql56-server-5.6.41 Multithreaded SQL database (server) mysql57-server-5.7.23_1 Multithreaded SQL database (server) mysql80-server-8.0.12 Multithreaded SQL database (server)
2 - Encontre as linha a linha a qual diz respeito a instalação do serviço de Banco de Dados mysql:
- No meu caso encontrei quatro versões, vou usar a penúltima, versão 5.7:
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc # pkg install mysql57-server-5.7.23_1
3 - Após o termino da instalação do mysql, vamos configurar o serviço no /etc/rc.conf e estartar o serviço. Se a instalação estiver sido correta, ele deve iniciar normalmente:
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc # /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server enable
– Foi acrescentado a linha que inicia o serviço na hora do boot mysql_enable=“YES”, agora vamos levantar o serviço.
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc # /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server start Starting mysql.
– Agora vamos ver se o serviço está rodando:
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc # sockstat -4l USER COMMAND PID FD PROTO LOCAL ADDRESS FOREIGN ADDRESS mysql mysqld 83282 22 tcp4 127.0.0.1:3306 *:* www httpd 80469 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 80468 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 80467 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 80466 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 80465 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 80464 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 80463 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* root httpd 80462 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* root sendmail 585 3 tcp4 127.0.0.1:25 *:* root sshd 557 4 tcp4 *:22 *:* root syslogd 355 7 udp4 *:514 *:* root@glpi:/usr/local/etc #
– Como podemos ver, o apache e o mysql já estão funcionando:
– O mysql está rodando no endereço 127.0.0.1. Teremos que alterar para o endereço ip da máquina, vamos ter que editar o arquivo /usr/local/etc/mysql/my.cnf
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc/mysql # ee my.cnf ^[ (escape) menu ^y search prompt ^k delete line ^p prev li ^g prev page ^o ascii code ^x search ^l undelete line ^n next li ^v next page ^u end of file ^a begin of line ^w delete word ^b back 1 char ^t top of text ^e end of line ^r restore word ^f forward 1 char ^c command ^d delete char ^j undelete char ^z next word =====line 15 col 46 lines from top 15 ========================================= # $FreeBSD: branches/2018Q3/databases/mysql57-server/files/my.cnf.sample.in 414707 2016-05-06 14:39:59Z riggs $ [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysql] prompt = \u@\h [\d]>\_ no_auto_rehash
– Encontre a linha “bind-address” adicione o endereço IP e reinicie o serviço mysql:
bind-address = 172.19.1.123
– Vamos restartar o serviço e verificar se está rodando:
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc/mysql # service mysql-server restart Starting mysql. root@glpi:/usr/local/etc/mysql # sockstat -4 USER COMMAND PID FD PROTO LOCAL ADDRESS FOREIGN ADDRESS mysql mysqld 86585 22 tcp4 172.19.1.123:3306 *:* www httpd 83664 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 83660 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 83659 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 83658 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 83657 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* www httpd 83656 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* root httpd 83655 4 tcp4 *:80 *:* dhiemeson sshd 80149 3 tcp4 172.19.1.123:22 10.10.10.117:63198 root sshd 80146 3 tcp4 172.19.1.123:22 10.10.10.117:63198 root sendmail 585 3 tcp4 127.0.0.1:25 *:* root sshd 557 4 tcp4 *:22 *:* root syslogd 355 7 udp4 *:514 *:*
4 - Vamos preparar a configuração padrão do MySQL. Precisamos atribuir uma senha para a conta root do mysql, usaremos o comando "mysql_secure_installation", ele vai nos dar algumas opções como:
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc/mysql # mysql_secure_installation
– Nas opções que virão a seguir, siga essas instruções (resumo):
1 - Change the password for root ? (Alterar a senha do root?) ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : 2 - Remove anonymous users? (Remover usuário anônimos?) (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y 3 - Disallow root login remotely? (Desabilitar login remoto?) (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : 4 - Disallow root login remotely? (Desabilitar login de root remoto?)(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : 5 - Remove test database and access to it? (Remover banco de dados de testes e acesso a eles?) (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y 6 - Reload privilege tables now? (Recarregue as tabelas de privilégios agora))(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
— Passa a posso completo —
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc/mysql # mysql_secure_installation mysql_secure_installation: [ERROR] unknown variable 'prompt=\u@\h [\d]>\_' Securing the MySQL server deployment. Connecting to MySQL server using password in '/root/.mysql_secret' VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords and improve security. It checks the strength of password and allows the users to set only those passwords which are secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin? Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: Using existing password for root. Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y New password: Re-enter new password: By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : ... skipping. By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y - Dropping test database... Success. - Removing privileges on test database... Success. Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y Success. All done! root@glpi:/usr/local/etc/mysql #
5 - Vamos tentar acessar com o root agora:
root@glpi:/usr/local/etc/mysql # mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 5.7.23-log Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. root@localhost [(none)]>
– Feito isso, se você conseguiu, está tudo certo. Agora crie seu banco e continue o trabalho:
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